The lexicon of Bonsai explained 

Air Layering: a technique to create roots on an existing tree to create a new on

Akadama: clay granules used for potting

Atama: the head of a bonsai tree or the crown of a tree

Backbudding: creating buds on the inner side of the tree

Bankan: winding style

Bokashi: making organic fertiliser by fermenting green waste into a Bokashi container

Bonsai: tree in a pot (bowl)

Chokan: upright style (trunk of the tree is left upright)

Dobuki: adventitious budding by appropriate nutrition

Grafting: the joining together of plant parts by means of tissue regeneration, often done by an incision in which the other part is joined

Hokidachi: Japanese for broom style

Jin: a dead branch that has been made artificially, often using jin liquid to remove pigment and to dry it out

Kabudachi: trees with multiple trunks

Kanuma: Japanese volcanic clay granules used for potting

Kiryu: volcanic substrate for extra drainage and mineral addition   

Kokufu-ten: a prestigious and leading Bonsai show held every year in Tokio

Kengai: cascade style

Leader: a leading branch that is or becomes the continuation of the trunk

Neagari: exposed roots style (exposed nebari)

Nebari: the thicker base roots of the tree

N.P.K: the balance indicated for fertiliser N= nitrogen (stikstof), P=phosphorous (fosfor) and K=potassium (kalium) e.g. NPK: 5 – 3 – 5 represents the ratio 

Netsuranari: a style where a tree is set onto its side in the pot and forms multiple trees

Sacrificial branch: a branch that is temporary left solely for pulling sap to thicken the trunk

Sabamiki:  part or most of a trunk that has been damaged or split by nature

Shakan: inclined style 

Shari: a part of the trunk where the bark has been removed

Shinsho: new growth of branches in the current year

Shitakusa: is a potted (collection of plants) plant designed as accompaniment with a bonsai, often used at an exhibition or in a Tokonoma. Its main purpose is to reflect the season of that moment.

Soju: double trunk style

Starterplant: a young tree that has been cultivated (e.g. from a garden center) and needs to be shaped to a Bonsai

Takaue: planting the tree at a soil level that is higher than the rim of the pot

Tamahi​: organic fertiliser shaped in balls and squares

Tokonoma: a niche or alcove in the wall of a Japanese house for the display of a decorative object

Yamadori: plants obtained from the wild in mountains and woods

Yose-Eu: grouped trees in one pot (forest)